Concrete construction



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L. BRANDT. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. nPPucAnon min uw 15.1915. 1 ,$349,600. Patented Aug- 17, 1920.

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L. BRANDT. CGNCRETE CONSTRUCTION. Avvucmou man mw 15. |915.

1,349,600. hmmm. 17,1920.

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L. BRANDT.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPUcATmn min mLY15.1915.

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\ To all whom it may concern.'

PATENT orifice.

Lewis Bamm, oir rmsiimn, Lvm.

OONCBITB OONBTBUUI'ION.

collation o! Letten Intent.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

'Application lled July ll, 1816. Serial No. 40,088.

Beit known that I, Lewis BnANn'r, a citizen of the United States, residn at Pittsburgh, in the county of Alleg eny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification. V y u The present invention relates to reinforced and ventilated concrete construction, and has for its object to provide a wall or slab which will be suitably reinforced. and properly ventilated, so as to eliminate both danger of breakage and danger of sweating by reason of undue strains or conduction of moisture. t

Stated generally the invention consists of a hollow form which may be made of metal or other suitable rigid and impervious material, which form is intended to be embedded in the` cementitious material of which the wall or slab is formed, saidform being of such construction as that it will insure ventilation and reinforcement without weakening the wall ture, and being provided further with efficient bonding means, which will secure the wall parts together. l

In the 'drawings herewith I have illustrated my invention as applied to a poured wall, and also to a slab, but it is obvious that variations from the particular' embodiment herein shown may be made without departin from the spirit of the invention.

' n said drawings Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view'of a portion of a wall made in accordance with my invention. i

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the wall shown in Fig. 1, on substantially the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fi 3 is a sectional view on substantially the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a detail view showing'the reinforcing sheets of which the Ventilating chamber is formed.

Fig. 5 is a' horizontal sectional view of a wall formed of slabs or blocks made in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a slab or block made in accordance with my invention. 1 y

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view showing spacing strips and positioning bars which may be used in connection with my invention.

or cementitious struc-I Fi 8 is a vertical sectional -view on substantially the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a detail view of one of the spacinghtrips shown in the other views.

ferring to the drawin s by numerals, like numbers indicating lie parts in the several views, 10 indicates a molding form of any suitable construction, within which the poured wall or slab, or other cementitions structure, is designed to be formed. This moldin form comprises the side lates and interloc ing instrumentalities 11, ut is `merely illustrative of one molding form which may be used, as it is obvious that my invention ma be carried out in connection with any of the well known moldsfor formingr poured walls or slabs.

he reinforcing and Ventilating form 12 constituting my invention, comprises the opposed sheets of metal or other material having sufficient ri idity to serve as a reinforce, these sheets eing duplicates, but reversely placed relative to each other, s'o that the inturned portions 13, -which in the present embodiment are formed as V-shaped. vertically placed ribs, will alternate with each other, and brace the two sheets a art, so that danger of the collapse of they orm as the cementitious material is poured about it is eliminated, and, furthermore, in the completed structure the opposed sheets with their bracing ribs, will very eifectively resist any crushing strains.

It will be seen that these ribs 13 touch the opposed sheet on a line, 'so that a practicaly continuous ventilating space is provide and danger of conduction of moisture across this Ventilating space is eliminated. Furthermore the V-shaped ribs bein hollow the cementitious material will fil them and form an effective brace between the two cement walls on either side of the Ventilating and reinforcing chamber.

' In order that the o posed walls may be securely bonded toget er, and to maintain the Ventilating form in proper position at all times, I preferabl provide transverse bonding pins 14, whic are passed through and fixed in the Ventilating and reinforcing device at right angles thereto, projecting more or less on either side, as shown in Fig. 1, so that they are embedded in the cementitious material to be poured into the form and about the Ventilating chamber. Preferably these bonding pins 14 will be passed through the reinforcing and ventilating chamber on a line coincident with the apices of the ribs, so that there 1s no interference with, or mterruptlon of, the'ventllating channel, and said bonding pins 14 very effectively maintain the proper relation betwen the two opposed sheets of reinforcing and Ventilating inserts.

In Fig. 1 I have shown the invention as applied to a poured wall, it being understood that as the work progresses these ventilating and reinforcing elements will be in` serted in the form and Xed in any suitable manner, after which the cementitious material will be poured into the forms and about the reinforcing elements.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown the invention as applied to a slab which may be used in building operations, this slab inclosing the reinforcing and Ventilating elements, as shown, so as to leave the ends open in order that when these slabs are laid up in a wall there will be a continuous line of ventilation between the slab units when assembled.

In the form shown in Figs. 5 and 6, 15 indicates the slab or block having embedded therein the opposed and bonded sheets 16 provided with the V-shaped hollow ribs 17 to form the Ventilating chamber and reinforce the wall, the bonding pins 18 being laid across the hollow frames in line with the V-shaped ribs, as in the wall construction hereinbefore described.

It will be seen from the foregoin that by reason of the particular construction of sheets which form the Ventilating frame and reinforce, and its combination with the bonding pins as shown, a very light reinforcing material may be used, the alternating and contacting ribs insuring rigidity of the frame even though it is formed of relatively thin material, and that the ventilating space is practically not interrupted to any extent as the V-shaped ribs touch the opposed wall only at a point, and the bonding pins traverse the frame at such points. Furthermore the ribs being formed preferably hollow and preferably also open exteriorly of the wall will receive the cementitious material, so that a solid line of resistance is formed at the points where the ribs touch.

Referring to Fig. 7 it will be observed that in this form of the invention I have provided the hollowr wall with additional bracin `members 19, which, as shown, are forme ,of strips of wood triangular in cross Seetion, which strips are secured by suitable astening means, such as nails 2() to the sheets 21 before they are arranged in opposed relation, the fastening nails 2() being preferably driven throu h the sheet into the base of the triangu ar strips 19, and these strips serve not only to stiften the sheets 21, but form braces additional to the V-shaped ribs 23 without materially interrupting or reducing the air space in the hollow form.

While not absolutely essential to the working out of my invention I find it convement to position and space the hollow form within the mold by means of spacing strips or boards 24 which are laid in vertically on each side of the form, so as to maintain it in proper position between the outside walls. of the mold, these strips 24, as shown in Fig. 8, being withdrawn gradually as the cementitious material is filled in about the hollow form, until the top of the wall is reached, thereby insuring a proper positioning and maintenance of the reinforcing hollow form.

It will be understood that such variations 1n structure as are Within the range of mechanical skill may befindul ed in without departing from the spirit o my invention.

I claim:

A wall structure comprising opposed layers of cementitious material, an lnterposed reinforcing and ventilatin frame formed of two opposed sheets having integral spaced apart V-shaped bracing ribs opening exteriorly of the wall to receive the cementitious material, said ribs making contact with the opposed sheet and solid V-shaped bracin ribs adapted to be inserted when desire alternately of said sheets intermediate said first mentioned ribs whereby the same frame ma be utilized under varying strains an readily strengthened when necessary.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wltnesses.

LEWIS BRANDT.

Witnesses:

Gno. L. DUMBAULD, J. J. HAGGART, 

